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	<title>Comments for Statistical Modeling, Causal Inference, and Social Science</title>
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	<lastBuildDate>Wed, 22 Feb 2012 22:35:49 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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		<title>Comment on Standardized writing styles and standardized graphing styles by Kaiser</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/at-some-point-the-graph-is-so-bad-that-it-doesnt-convey-the-information/#comment-73998</link>
		<dc:creator>Kaiser</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 22 Feb 2012 22:35:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14323#comment-73998</guid>
		<description>Your point is true in general. But I notice that certain publications have rules for their charts. The Economist, for example, has a very limited number of chart types that they use. One of them is the donut chart which I hate.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Your point is true in general. But I notice that certain publications have rules for their charts. The Economist, for example, has a very limited number of chart types that they use. One of them is the donut chart which I hate.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Standardized writing styles and standardized graphing styles by Robert Kosara</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/at-some-point-the-graph-is-so-bad-that-it-doesnt-convey-the-information/#comment-73996</link>
		<dc:creator>Robert Kosara</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 22 Feb 2012 21:29:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14323#comment-73996</guid>
		<description>Interesting article, and very inspiring! It&#039;s a great model to think about, in particular to realize how young the fields still are (just like academic writing was in the 1700s).

I elaborated a bit on your thoughts over on my blog: http://eagereyes.org/criticism/metaphor-visualization-writing</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Interesting article, and very inspiring! It&#8217;s a great model to think about, in particular to realize how young the fields still are (just like academic writing was in the 1700s).</p>
<p>I elaborated a bit on your thoughts over on my blog: <a href="http://eagereyes.org/criticism/metaphor-visualization-writing" rel="nofollow">http://eagereyes.org/criticism/metaphor-visualization-writing</a></p>
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		<title>Comment on &#8220;Readability&#8221; as freedom from the actual sensation of reading by Steve Sailer</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/readability-as-freedom-from-the-actual-sensation-of-reading/#comment-73994</link>
		<dc:creator>Steve Sailer</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 22 Feb 2012 19:33:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14010#comment-73994</guid>
		<description>I&#039;d nominate Evelyn Waugh&#039;s best novels as combining high readability with superb quality of prose.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;d nominate Evelyn Waugh&#8217;s best novels as combining high readability with superb quality of prose.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Sports examples in class by Andrew</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/sports-examples-in-class/#comment-73991</link>
		<dc:creator>Andrew</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 22 Feb 2012 18:35:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=13918#comment-73991</guid>
		<description>Sappho:

I take your comment to be a sarcastic remark that this topic (the choice of topics for statistics examples) is unimportant.  I agree that this is far less important than world peace, fighting hunger and disease, etc.  Nonetheless I don&#039;t think it&#039;s a topic of &lt;em&gt;zero&lt;/em&gt; importance.  As a teacher, I do think it&#039;s a good idea to use examples that get students interested and involved in the topic.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Sappho:</p>
<p>I take your comment to be a sarcastic remark that this topic (the choice of topics for statistics examples) is unimportant.  I agree that this is far less important than world peace, fighting hunger and disease, etc.  Nonetheless I don&#8217;t think it&#8217;s a topic of <em>zero</em> importance.  As a teacher, I do think it&#8217;s a good idea to use examples that get students interested and involved in the topic.</p>
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		<title>Comment on I&#8217;m officially no longer a &#8220;rogue&#8221; by Andrew</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/im-officially-not-a-rogue/#comment-73990</link>
		<dc:creator>Andrew</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 22 Feb 2012 18:32:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14227#comment-73990</guid>
		<description>M.:

Yes, but Levitt and I remain in the Empire.  He teaches at the University of Chicago and, if he no longer edits the Journal of Political Economy, he did so until recently.  And I still teach at Columbia etc etc.  For neither of us was there a break with the powers that be.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>M.:</p>
<p>Yes, but Levitt and I remain in the Empire.  He teaches at the University of Chicago and, if he no longer edits the Journal of Political Economy, he did so until recently.  And I still teach at Columbia etc etc.  For neither of us was there a break with the powers that be.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Sports examples in class by K? O'Rourke</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/sports-examples-in-class/#comment-73989</link>
		<dc:creator>K? O'Rourke</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 22 Feb 2012 17:31:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=13918#comment-73989</guid>
		<description>Your comment lead me to this

R. A. Fisher posed the following problem: 

The agricultural land of a pre-dynastic Egyptian village is of unequal fertility. Give the height to which the Nile will rise, the fertility of every portion of it is known with exactitude, but the height of the flood affects different parts of the territory unequally. It is required to divide the area, between the several households of the village, so that the yields of the lots assigned to each shall be in pre-determined proportion, whatever may be the height to which the river rises.
Fisher added, &quot;If this problem is capable of a general solution, then ... one of the primary problems of uncertain inference will have reached its complete solution.&quot;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Your comment lead me to this</p>
<p>R. A. Fisher posed the following problem: </p>
<p>The agricultural land of a pre-dynastic Egyptian village is of unequal fertility. Give the height to which the Nile will rise, the fertility of every portion of it is known with exactitude, but the height of the flood affects different parts of the territory unequally. It is required to divide the area, between the several households of the village, so that the yields of the lots assigned to each shall be in pre-determined proportion, whatever may be the height to which the river rises.<br />
Fisher added, &#8220;If this problem is capable of a general solution, then &#8230; one of the primary problems of uncertain inference will have reached its complete solution.&#8221;</p>
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		<title>Comment on Charles Murray [perhaps] does a Tucker Carlson, provoking me to unleash the usual torrent of graphs by Overcoming the Merely Therapeutic &#124; Koinonia</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/charles-murray-does-a-tucker-carlson-provoking-me-to-unleash-the-usual-torrent-of-graphs/#comment-73988</link>
		<dc:creator>Overcoming the Merely Therapeutic &#124; Koinonia</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 22 Feb 2012 17:29:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14404#comment-73988</guid>
		<description>[...] Charles Murray does a Tucker Carlson, provoking me to unleash the usual torrent of graphs (andrewgelman.com) [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Charles Murray does a Tucker Carlson, provoking me to unleash the usual torrent of graphs (andrewgelman.com) [...]</p>
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		<title>Comment on &#8220;Readability&#8221; as freedom from the actual sensation of reading by Kaiser</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/readability-as-freedom-from-the-actual-sensation-of-reading/#comment-73987</link>
		<dc:creator>Kaiser</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 22 Feb 2012 17:13:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14010#comment-73987</guid>
		<description>I enjoy the various collections by Tim Parks. They&#039;re a bit hard to find but they are available.

Isn&#039;t the highest form of &quot;readability&quot; a form of &quot;art concealing art&quot;? In music, it&#039;s a premeditated piece that sounds like an improvisation.

I also sometimes wonder especially in academic circles, we may confuse effort with rigor so that if an author does a really great job explaining a difficult concept, now the concept sounds so simple one no longer considers it &quot;deep&quot;.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I enjoy the various collections by Tim Parks. They&#8217;re a bit hard to find but they are available.</p>
<p>Isn&#8217;t the highest form of &#8220;readability&#8221; a form of &#8220;art concealing art&#8221;? In music, it&#8217;s a premeditated piece that sounds like an improvisation.</p>
<p>I also sometimes wonder especially in academic circles, we may confuse effort with rigor so that if an author does a really great job explaining a difficult concept, now the concept sounds so simple one no longer considers it &#8220;deep&#8221;.</p>
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		<title>Comment on &#8220;Readability&#8221; as freedom from the actual sensation of reading by Phil</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/readability-as-freedom-from-the-actual-sensation-of-reading/#comment-73986</link>
		<dc:creator>Phil</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 22 Feb 2012 16:14:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14010#comment-73986</guid>
		<description>It&#039;s not the meaning that makes it hard to read --- I get her point well enough. It&#039;s all these arresting little quirks like &quot;the tug and traction of words as they move thoughts into place in the mind&quot; and &quot;he most “readable” book allows its characters to slip easily through nets of words and into other forms.&quot;  It&#039;s not necessarily bad writing but it is definitely writing that draws attention to itself.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It&#8217;s not the meaning that makes it hard to read &#8212; I get her point well enough. It&#8217;s all these arresting little quirks like &#8220;the tug and traction of words as they move thoughts into place in the mind&#8221; and &#8220;he most “readable” book allows its characters to slip easily through nets of words and into other forms.&#8221;  It&#8217;s not necessarily bad writing but it is definitely writing that draws attention to itself.</p>
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		<title>Comment on I&#8217;m officially no longer a &#8220;rogue&#8221; by M. Allen</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/im-officially-not-a-rogue/#comment-73985</link>
		<dc:creator>M. Allen</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 22 Feb 2012 16:13:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14227#comment-73985</guid>
		<description>Typically, rogue is not just about your background, but about behavior.  Despite his training, the question should be whether or not his work undermines or acts outside of conventional economic thinking, which may be easier grounds to take him to task on.

Several of the elites who come to lead rebel movements could be safely described as rogue (they have gone rogue). After all, despite Luke Skywalker&#039;s Imperial lineage, his inclusion in the Rogue Squadron was pivotal for the rebels.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Typically, rogue is not just about your background, but about behavior.  Despite his training, the question should be whether or not his work undermines or acts outside of conventional economic thinking, which may be easier grounds to take him to task on.</p>
<p>Several of the elites who come to lead rebel movements could be safely described as rogue (they have gone rogue). After all, despite Luke Skywalker&#8217;s Imperial lineage, his inclusion in the Rogue Squadron was pivotal for the rebels.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Sports examples in class by Sappho</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/sports-examples-in-class/#comment-73983</link>
		<dc:creator>Sappho</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 22 Feb 2012 14:02:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=13918#comment-73983</guid>
		<description>Not including Sports examples discriminates against Lesbians who love sports.  I hope Mayo isn&#039;t this heternormative in her own classes.  

I have a dream that one day Statistics classes will be taught in a way that is perfectly just and fair to absolutely every individual on the planet.  That way absolutely everybody and learn and master the discipline.  There&#039;s no telling how many budding Einsteins are out there whose genius went to waste because of poorly chosen statistics examples.  

Words, however innocent, have consequences.  Just imagine the frustration of making it through all the trials and tribulations of life, just to have your super genius stopped cold because there were no in-class statistics examples involving female tennis, soccer, volley ball or track ‘n field.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Not including Sports examples discriminates against Lesbians who love sports.  I hope Mayo isn&#8217;t this heternormative in her own classes.  </p>
<p>I have a dream that one day Statistics classes will be taught in a way that is perfectly just and fair to absolutely every individual on the planet.  That way absolutely everybody and learn and master the discipline.  There&#8217;s no telling how many budding Einsteins are out there whose genius went to waste because of poorly chosen statistics examples.  </p>
<p>Words, however innocent, have consequences.  Just imagine the frustration of making it through all the trials and tribulations of life, just to have your super genius stopped cold because there were no in-class statistics examples involving female tennis, soccer, volley ball or track ‘n field.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Sports examples in class by Nick Cox</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/sports-examples-in-class/#comment-73975</link>
		<dc:creator>Nick Cox</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 22 Feb 2012 08:42:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=13918#comment-73975</guid>
		<description>I think there is something in MAYO&#039;s line, but even more in the line that using sports examples is often just a way to reach out to students not especially interested in the ideas, and to show the students that the teacher is a regular guy [sic], really. 

Still, using examples that students find interesting and intelligible beats the opposite, so long as that&#039;s true. 

One way to turn this into something different would be to get the students to measure interest in sport and knowledge about the sport in the class, and then use the data. The students might learn about each other too, not only the existence of some fraction of students who don&#039;t care but usually keep quiet about it, but also oddities such as a cluster of people who aren&#039;t interested but are not completely ignorant because they just remember what is in the news.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I think there is something in MAYO&#8217;s line, but even more in the line that using sports examples is often just a way to reach out to students not especially interested in the ideas, and to show the students that the teacher is a regular guy [sic], really. </p>
<p>Still, using examples that students find interesting and intelligible beats the opposite, so long as that&#8217;s true. </p>
<p>One way to turn this into something different would be to get the students to measure interest in sport and knowledge about the sport in the class, and then use the data. The students might learn about each other too, not only the existence of some fraction of students who don&#8217;t care but usually keep quiet about it, but also oddities such as a cluster of people who aren&#8217;t interested but are not completely ignorant because they just remember what is in the news.</p>
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		<title>Comment on &#8220;Readability&#8221; as freedom from the actual sensation of reading by Andrew</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/readability-as-freedom-from-the-actual-sensation-of-reading/#comment-73969</link>
		<dc:creator>Andrew</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 22 Feb 2012 02:27:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14010#comment-73969</guid>
		<description>Donald:

Yes, I&#039;ve seen that book.  But what I want is more book reviews.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Donald:</p>
<p>Yes, I&#8217;ve seen that book.  But what I want is more book reviews.</p>
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		<title>Comment on &#8220;Readability&#8221; as freedom from the actual sensation of reading by Andrew</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/readability-as-freedom-from-the-actual-sensation-of-reading/#comment-73964</link>
		<dc:creator>Andrew</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2012 23:51:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14010#comment-73964</guid>
		<description>Phil:

To be fair to Pierpoint, this passage was in the midst of an essay with lots of specific detail; I&#039;m just pulling out the most abstract part.  In the context of the longer essay, it all came out naturally.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Phil:</p>
<p>To be fair to Pierpoint, this passage was in the midst of an essay with lots of specific detail; I&#8217;m just pulling out the most abstract part.  In the context of the longer essay, it all came out naturally.</p>
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		<title>Comment on How many data points do you really have? by Simon</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/how-many-data-points-do-you-really-have/#comment-73962</link>
		<dc:creator>Simon</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2012 23:14:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=13213#comment-73962</guid>
		<description>I&#039;ve seen this exact problem repeated in many, many, many papers in several different areas of science.
I guess stats experts would be amazed just how standard this is in many fields. 

A few examples: In geology the usual &#039;cyclostratigraphy&#039; analysis uses peridograms (even after MTM-type smoothing) and trawls them for any point rising above the &quot;95% confidence&quot; level (calculated for a single, one-sided test). See the book by Weedon (2003). In climatology and meteorology methods like Torrence &amp; Compo (1998) or Mann &amp; Lees (1996) routinely use 0.05 tests with no accounting for the large number of frequencies examined. Various subfields of astronomy also allow this practice - see Benlloch, Wilms et al. (2001) for discussion. These aren&#039;t isolated examples of flakey papers - they are the norm for their field.

There seems to be a huge gap between stats/time series experts to whom this the problem is obvious, and practitioners or spectral analysis in geology, climatology, astronomy, ... who don&#039;t seem to know differently.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;ve seen this exact problem repeated in many, many, many papers in several different areas of science.<br />
I guess stats experts would be amazed just how standard this is in many fields. </p>
<p>A few examples: In geology the usual &#8216;cyclostratigraphy&#8217; analysis uses peridograms (even after MTM-type smoothing) and trawls them for any point rising above the &#8220;95% confidence&#8221; level (calculated for a single, one-sided test). See the book by Weedon (2003). In climatology and meteorology methods like Torrence &amp; Compo (1998) or Mann &amp; Lees (1996) routinely use 0.05 tests with no accounting for the large number of frequencies examined. Various subfields of astronomy also allow this practice &#8211; see Benlloch, Wilms et al. (2001) for discussion. These aren&#8217;t isolated examples of flakey papers &#8211; they are the norm for their field.</p>
<p>There seems to be a huge gap between stats/time series experts to whom this the problem is obvious, and practitioners or spectral analysis in geology, climatology, astronomy, &#8230; who don&#8217;t seem to know differently.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Standardized writing styles and standardized graphing styles by Patrick Mineault</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/at-some-point-the-graph-is-so-bad-that-it-doesnt-convey-the-information/#comment-73961</link>
		<dc:creator>Patrick Mineault</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2012 23:12:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14323#comment-73961</guid>
		<description>I agree about the wide dynamic range, but red &gt; green &gt; blue? That doesn&#039;t make sense. It emphasizes differences where there are none. I asked about a graph to a non-scientist once and she couldn&#039;t figure out the color scheme. This guy has a long rant about this: http://abandonmatlab.wordpress.com/2011/05/07/lets-talk-colormaps/.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I agree about the wide dynamic range, but red &gt; green &gt; blue? That doesn&#8217;t make sense. It emphasizes differences where there are none. I asked about a graph to a non-scientist once and she couldn&#8217;t figure out the color scheme. This guy has a long rant about this: <a href="http://abandonmatlab.wordpress.com/2011/05/07/lets-talk-colormaps/" rel="nofollow">http://abandonmatlab.wordpress.com/2011/05/07/lets-talk-colormaps/</a>.</p>
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		<title>Comment on &#8220;Readability&#8221; as freedom from the actual sensation of reading by Phil</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/readability-as-freedom-from-the-actual-sensation-of-reading/#comment-73960</link>
		<dc:creator>Phil</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2012 23:06:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14010#comment-73960</guid>
		<description>Ironically, I find Pierpoint&#039;s passage to be not very readable.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ironically, I find Pierpoint&#8217;s passage to be not very readable.</p>
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		<title>Comment on &#8220;Readability&#8221; as freedom from the actual sensation of reading by Donald A. Coffin</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/readability-as-freedom-from-the-actual-sensation-of-reading/#comment-73958</link>
		<dc:creator>Donald A. Coffin</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2012 22:19:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14010#comment-73958</guid>
		<description>Well, it&#039;s not everything, but it is a selection:

Alfred Kazin&#039;s America: Critical and Personal Writings</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Well, it&#8217;s not everything, but it is a selection:</p>
<p>Alfred Kazin&#8217;s America: Critical and Personal Writings</p>
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		<title>Comment on &#8220;Readability&#8221; as freedom from the actual sensation of reading by K? O'Rourke</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/readability-as-freedom-from-the-actual-sensation-of-reading/#comment-73956</link>
		<dc:creator>K? O'Rourke</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2012 18:39:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14010#comment-73956</guid>
		<description>Sounds like the kind of graphs I would like to learn how to make!
(wihout losing any _information_)</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Sounds like the kind of graphs I would like to learn how to make!<br />
(wihout losing any _information_)</p>
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		<title>Comment on Standardized writing styles and standardized graphing styles by revo11</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/at-some-point-the-graph-is-so-bad-that-it-doesnt-convey-the-information/#comment-73955</link>
		<dc:creator>revo11</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2012 18:35:57 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14323#comment-73955</guid>
		<description>what&#039;s wrong with the jet colormap? It&#039;s not aesthetically pleasing and the use of multiple colors may incorrectly imply distinct level classifications, but it does allow you to differentiate values for a wide dynamic range.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>what&#8217;s wrong with the jet colormap? It&#8217;s not aesthetically pleasing and the use of multiple colors may incorrectly imply distinct level classifications, but it does allow you to differentiate values for a wide dynamic range.</p>
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		<title>Comment on &#8220;Readability&#8221; as freedom from the actual sensation of reading by todd.</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/readability-as-freedom-from-the-actual-sensation-of-reading/#comment-73954</link>
		<dc:creator>todd.</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2012 17:48:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14010#comment-73954</guid>
		<description>This is perfectly analogous to the claim of &quot;drinkability&quot; by manufacturers of light beer. It&#039;s &quot;drinkable&quot; in that they have done as much as possible to make it tasteless. But you won&#039;t derive any pleasure from drinking it.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This is perfectly analogous to the claim of &#8220;drinkability&#8221; by manufacturers of light beer. It&#8217;s &#8220;drinkable&#8221; in that they have done as much as possible to make it tasteless. But you won&#8217;t derive any pleasure from drinking it.</p>
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		<title>Comment on How many data points do you really have? by Wesley</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/how-many-data-points-do-you-really-have/#comment-73947</link>
		<dc:creator>Wesley</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2012 15:09:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=13213#comment-73947</guid>
		<description>@ Chris: if someone is doing a naive periodogram spectrum estimate, and then applying 95% confidence intervals to it, they are silly. That technique has been obsolete for decades if not longer: there are comments by Rayleigh and Schuster pre-1900 concerning the problems with this approach!

Serious power spectrum work will begin with a multiple-taper quadratic estimate of the spectrum, and use all of the excellent tools that come from this approach, including harmonic F-test statistics for significance, multiple series- or frequency-coherence, and so on. A good reference if you&#039;re interested in learning more about these techniques is to refer to the classic paper in the area: Thomson&#039;s &quot;Spectrum Estimation and Harmonic Analysis&quot;, http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&amp;arnumber=1456701. If you don&#039;t have IEEExplore access, Google Scholar will lead you to a link on the web.

There are also excellent analyses done in the climate area using modern, robust techniques. From a brief reading of this paper, it&#039;s not really clear that it has much to do with spectrum estimation at all. Given the crudeness of the data the authors were using, perhaps the interpolation in order to retain the trend is permissible. It certainly seems that there are more sophisticated techniques they could have used in exploring the relationships, as Andrew indicated.

@ Andrew: I&#039;m not sure what you are referring to wrt a hierarchical model for the 600 parameters of a *spectrum*? I don&#039;t think I&#039;ve ever seen anyone apply hierarchical techniques to spectrum estimation before.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@ Chris: if someone is doing a naive periodogram spectrum estimate, and then applying 95% confidence intervals to it, they are silly. That technique has been obsolete for decades if not longer: there are comments by Rayleigh and Schuster pre-1900 concerning the problems with this approach!</p>
<p>Serious power spectrum work will begin with a multiple-taper quadratic estimate of the spectrum, and use all of the excellent tools that come from this approach, including harmonic F-test statistics for significance, multiple series- or frequency-coherence, and so on. A good reference if you&#8217;re interested in learning more about these techniques is to refer to the classic paper in the area: Thomson&#8217;s &#8220;Spectrum Estimation and Harmonic Analysis&#8221;, <a href="http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&#038;arnumber=1456701" rel="nofollow">http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&#038;arnumber=1456701</a>. If you don&#8217;t have IEEExplore access, Google Scholar will lead you to a link on the web.</p>
<p>There are also excellent analyses done in the climate area using modern, robust techniques. From a brief reading of this paper, it&#8217;s not really clear that it has much to do with spectrum estimation at all. Given the crudeness of the data the authors were using, perhaps the interpolation in order to retain the trend is permissible. It certainly seems that there are more sophisticated techniques they could have used in exploring the relationships, as Andrew indicated.</p>
<p>@ Andrew: I&#8217;m not sure what you are referring to wrt a hierarchical model for the 600 parameters of a *spectrum*? I don&#8217;t think I&#8217;ve ever seen anyone apply hierarchical techniques to spectrum estimation before.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Standardized writing styles and standardized graphing styles by revo11</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/at-some-point-the-graph-is-so-bad-that-it-doesnt-convey-the-information/#comment-73944</link>
		<dc:creator>revo11</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2012 14:24:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14323#comment-73944</guid>
		<description>I think the field of economics generally has that attitude, which probably explains why economists are often not very good at making figures (exhibit A above).</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I think the field of economics generally has that attitude, which probably explains why economists are often not very good at making figures (exhibit A above).</p>
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		<title>Comment on Charles Murray on the new upper class by Andrew</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/some-reactions-to-charles-murrays-thoughts-on-income-and-politics/#comment-73943</link>
		<dc:creator>Andrew</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2012 13:52:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14443#comment-73943</guid>
		<description>Steve:

The point about the Paterno example is not whether it&#039;s particularly unusual (in my discussion I was referring both to the rapes committed by the Penn State coach and the assaults committed by his players) but rather that Paterno&#039;s preaching (and practicing) of moral values wasn&#039;t enough.  The preaching wasn&#039;t backed up by action, which is more difficult.  (Paterno&#039;s political conservatism wasn&#039;t a key part of my story---I only brought that up to connect to my other point that I think Murray would do well to consider conservative as well as liberal elites.)</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Steve:</p>
<p>The point about the Paterno example is not whether it&#8217;s particularly unusual (in my discussion I was referring both to the rapes committed by the Penn State coach and the assaults committed by his players) but rather that Paterno&#8217;s preaching (and practicing) of moral values wasn&#8217;t enough.  The preaching wasn&#8217;t backed up by action, which is more difficult.  (Paterno&#8217;s political conservatism wasn&#8217;t a key part of my story&#8212;I only brought that up to connect to my other point that I think Murray would do well to consider conservative as well as liberal elites.)</p>
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		<title>Comment on Charles Murray on the new upper class by Steve Sailer</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/some-reactions-to-charles-murrays-thoughts-on-income-and-politics/#comment-73933</link>
		<dc:creator>Steve Sailer</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2012 07:35:18 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14443#comment-73933</guid>
		<description>I don&#039;t get the Joe Paterno example. Assistant football coaches raping little boys is a classic Man Bites Dog story that got a huge amount of coverage because it&#039;s so rare. It&#039;s not as if conservative football coaches don&#039;t regularly do sleazy things to further their career. In contrast, prized football recruits raping coeds and getting away with it with the coach&#039;s help is the kind of thing that everybody&#039;s bored with because it happens so often.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I don&#8217;t get the Joe Paterno example. Assistant football coaches raping little boys is a classic Man Bites Dog story that got a huge amount of coverage because it&#8217;s so rare. It&#8217;s not as if conservative football coaches don&#8217;t regularly do sleazy things to further their career. In contrast, prized football recruits raping coeds and getting away with it with the coach&#8217;s help is the kind of thing that everybody&#8217;s bored with because it happens so often.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Rare name analysis and wealth convergence by Aleks Jakulin</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/generational-mobility-and-wealth-convergence/#comment-73923</link>
		<dc:creator>Aleks Jakulin</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2012 04:11:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14540#comment-73923</guid>
		<description>Fixed. Thanks for the reminder!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Fixed. Thanks for the reminder!</p>
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		<title>Comment on Sports examples in class by Eli</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/sports-examples-in-class/#comment-73916</link>
		<dc:creator>Eli</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2012 00:01:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=13918#comment-73916</guid>
		<description>As one of your current survey students, I&#039;d really appreciate more sports examples as spring training commences. I have a fantasy baseball draft in a serious keeper league coming up at the end of March and so of course I&#039;m looking for any edge I can get.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As one of your current survey students, I&#8217;d really appreciate more sports examples as spring training commences. I have a fantasy baseball draft in a serious keeper league coming up at the end of March and so of course I&#8217;m looking for any edge I can get.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Standardized writing styles and standardized graphing styles by Patrick Mineault</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/at-some-point-the-graph-is-so-bad-that-it-doesnt-convey-the-information/#comment-73914</link>
		<dc:creator>Patrick Mineault</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Feb 2012 23:13:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14323#comment-73914</guid>
		<description>I would argue that what Tufte has been trying to do is basically come up with such a standard way of presenting visual information. Certainly comparing infoviz and academic graphics together gives an impression that things are not standardized, but so would comparing the writing in popular science books and academic writings. Academic graphics can be surprisingly similar, if only because the number of software packages to create them is pretty limited. Probably one of the most infamous examples is the constant use of the (terrible) jet colormap which comes with Matlab. You can&#039;t read two papers without encountering it at least once, whether it&#039;s in a high-level journal or on Arxiv. It&#039;s a meme.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I would argue that what Tufte has been trying to do is basically come up with such a standard way of presenting visual information. Certainly comparing infoviz and academic graphics together gives an impression that things are not standardized, but so would comparing the writing in popular science books and academic writings. Academic graphics can be surprisingly similar, if only because the number of software packages to create them is pretty limited. Probably one of the most infamous examples is the constant use of the (terrible) jet colormap which comes with Matlab. You can&#8217;t read two papers without encountering it at least once, whether it&#8217;s in a high-level journal or on Arxiv. It&#8217;s a meme.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Standardized writing styles and standardized graphing styles by Andrew</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/at-some-point-the-graph-is-so-bad-that-it-doesnt-convey-the-information/#comment-73907</link>
		<dc:creator>Andrew</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Feb 2012 18:59:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14323#comment-73907</guid>
		<description>Wonks:

I&#039;d never heard of that book.  Following the links and reading some excerpts, I can see how the book can be useful to people but the presentation seems a bit oversimplified, not seeming to take into account how something can be very readable and popular in one era and unreadable in another.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Wonks:</p>
<p>I&#8217;d never heard of that book.  Following the links and reading some excerpts, I can see how the book can be useful to people but the presentation seems a bit oversimplified, not seeming to take into account how something can be very readable and popular in one era and unreadable in another.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Rare name analysis and wealth convergence by Alan</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/generational-mobility-and-wealth-convergence/#comment-73906</link>
		<dc:creator>Alan</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Feb 2012 18:43:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14540#comment-73906</guid>
		<description>This is not research by Greg Clark. This is research by Greg Clark AND Neil Cummins. Please cite the other author.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This is not research by Greg Clark. This is research by Greg Clark AND Neil Cummins. Please cite the other author.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Joshua Clover update by Helen DeWitt</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/joshua-clover-update/#comment-73905</link>
		<dc:creator>Helen DeWitt</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Feb 2012 18:40:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14579#comment-73905</guid>
		<description>Argh. Argh. I&#039;m horribly lazy about keeping an eye on the blogroll - only the other day I discovered that the link to kanji café no longer worked, and there it had been on the blogroll, holding out hope of help with kanji to unsuspecting readers . . . Anyway, good catch.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Argh. Argh. I&#8217;m horribly lazy about keeping an eye on the blogroll &#8211; only the other day I discovered that the link to kanji café no longer worked, and there it had been on the blogroll, holding out hope of help with kanji to unsuspecting readers . . . Anyway, good catch.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Standardized writing styles and standardized graphing styles by Wonks Anonymous</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/at-some-point-the-graph-is-so-bad-that-it-doesnt-convey-the-information/#comment-73903</link>
		<dc:creator>Wonks Anonymous</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Feb 2012 18:06:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14323#comment-73903</guid>
		<description>I&#039;m reminded of the discussion of the &quot;classic style&quot; from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.overcomingbias.com/2009/03/deceptive-writing-styles.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;Clear and Simple as the Truth&lt;/a&gt;.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;m reminded of the discussion of the &#8220;classic style&#8221; from <a href="http://www.overcomingbias.com/2009/03/deceptive-writing-styles.html" rel="nofollow">Clear and Simple as the Truth</a>.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Not as ugly as you look by Jordan</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/not-as-ugly-as-you-look/#comment-73902</link>
		<dc:creator>Jordan</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Feb 2012 17:17:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14320#comment-73902</guid>
		<description>If you have acccess to a big database of ratings, the way Yelp does, you could try looking for restaurants which were rated more highly by people who gave few ratings than by people who gave a lot of ratings.  Here &quot;rating a lot of restaurants&quot; is supposed to be a proxy for &quot;has tried a lot of restaurants&quot; and even &quot;has more reliable views about restaurants.&quot;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>If you have acccess to a big database of ratings, the way Yelp does, you could try looking for restaurants which were rated more highly by people who gave few ratings than by people who gave a lot of ratings.  Here &#8220;rating a lot of restaurants&#8221; is supposed to be a proxy for &#8220;has tried a lot of restaurants&#8221; and even &#8220;has more reliable views about restaurants.&#8221;</p>
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		<title>Comment on Sports examples in class by kjetil halvorsen</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/sports-examples-in-class/#comment-73893</link>
		<dc:creator>kjetil halvorsen</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Feb 2012 15:49:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=13918#comment-73893</guid>
		<description>And while atn it, hereś another example which should be fun in classes:
http://www.scribd.com/doc/20281719/21-Grams-Hypothesis-Concerning-Soul-Substance-Together-with-Experimental-Evidence-of-The-Existence-of-Such-Substance</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>And while atn it, hereś another example which should be fun in classes:<br />
<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/20281719/21-Grams-Hypothesis-Concerning-Soul-Substance-Together-with-Experimental-Evidence-of-The-Existence-of-Such-Substance" rel="nofollow">http://www.scribd.com/doc/20281719/21-Grams-Hypothesis-Concerning-Soul-Substance-Together-with-Experimental-Evidence-of-The-Existence-of-Such-Substance</a></p>
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		<title>Comment on &#8220;False-positive psychology&#8221; by K? O'Rourke</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/false-positive-psychology/#comment-73888</link>
		<dc:creator>K? O'Rourke</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Feb 2012 14:29:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14476#comment-73888</guid>
		<description>Thanks for bringing that paper to my attention. 

(By the way, I jumped in on your comment because I was mostly agreeing with you.)

Some reactions are that 

1. The overall comment of the paper that the publication bias process (especially sociological/psychological) is just too complex to get a model that is anywhere near helpful was what drove my paper with Detsky – the need to make folks embarrassingly aware of it and force some change… 

2. CR Rao’s comment in Iyengar &amp; Greenhouse seemed to make it clear that any Bayesian method would require a highly informative prior that had no hope of being checked and hence forces you back into 1. 

3. I believe Mengerson and Wolpert would agree here and Greenland has said so (and hence they clarify the need and risk for such multivariate priors in their current work), while Copas continues to press for some sensible sensitivity type or robust modeling. (see Copas and Lozda_Can .The radial plot in meta-analysis: approximations and applications. JRSSC 2009 and references therein. )

4. For “faced with combining the summaries, a nontrivial technical problem” I did come up with a general MC based solution for this in my thesis. It’s very related to “ABC” methods that have recently become better known and I am trying to draft a half page trivial explanation that I could effortless publish as a note some where (or just unload in a comment here).  Though maybe its just better now to use “ABC” methods … 

5. The lack of overlap with people I have worked is intriguing but there was one - Laupacis, A. (1997). He was my boss for a couple years and the reason I did not withdraw as an author on Man-Son-Hing M, Laupacis A, O’Rourke K, Molnar F, Mahon J, Chan K, Wells G. Determination of the clinical importance of study results. J Gen Intern Med. 2002. In the paper an “absolution was granted” for editors to refuse to publish a study that was non-significant and of low power (wide confidence interval). I was unable to convince the other authors not to include it. Too bad I did have Andrew’s Sex and Beauty paper as an example why this absolution was such a bad idea.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks for bringing that paper to my attention. </p>
<p>(By the way, I jumped in on your comment because I was mostly agreeing with you.)</p>
<p>Some reactions are that </p>
<p>1. The overall comment of the paper that the publication bias process (especially sociological/psychological) is just too complex to get a model that is anywhere near helpful was what drove my paper with Detsky – the need to make folks embarrassingly aware of it and force some change… </p>
<p>2. CR Rao’s comment in Iyengar &amp; Greenhouse seemed to make it clear that any Bayesian method would require a highly informative prior that had no hope of being checked and hence forces you back into 1. </p>
<p>3. I believe Mengerson and Wolpert would agree here and Greenland has said so (and hence they clarify the need and risk for such multivariate priors in their current work), while Copas continues to press for some sensible sensitivity type or robust modeling. (see Copas and Lozda_Can .The radial plot in meta-analysis: approximations and applications. JRSSC 2009 and references therein. )</p>
<p>4. For “faced with combining the summaries, a nontrivial technical problem” I did come up with a general MC based solution for this in my thesis. It’s very related to “ABC” methods that have recently become better known and I am trying to draft a half page trivial explanation that I could effortless publish as a note some where (or just unload in a comment here).  Though maybe its just better now to use “ABC” methods … </p>
<p>5. The lack of overlap with people I have worked is intriguing but there was one &#8211; Laupacis, A. (1997). He was my boss for a couple years and the reason I did not withdraw as an author on Man-Son-Hing M, Laupacis A, O’Rourke K, Molnar F, Mahon J, Chan K, Wells G. Determination of the clinical importance of study results. J Gen Intern Med. 2002. In the paper an “absolution was granted” for editors to refuse to publish a study that was non-significant and of low power (wide confidence interval). I was unable to convince the other authors not to include it. Too bad I did have Andrew’s Sex and Beauty paper as an example why this absolution was such a bad idea.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Sports examples in class by jrkrideau</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/sports-examples-in-class/#comment-73886</link>
		<dc:creator>jrkrideau</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Feb 2012 14:03:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=13918#comment-73886</guid>
		<description>Thanks to Danial and Andrew.  

After reading the wiki entry I&#039;ve decided that understanding cricket may be easier than mastering kickball.  

I&#039;ve asked a couple of people around here and they had heard of it so apparently it is not unknown in Canada, just unknown to me.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks to Danial and Andrew.  </p>
<p>After reading the wiki entry I&#8217;ve decided that understanding cricket may be easier than mastering kickball.  </p>
<p>I&#8217;ve asked a couple of people around here and they had heard of it so apparently it is not unknown in Canada, just unknown to me.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Sports examples in class by Jordan</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/sports-examples-in-class/#comment-73875</link>
		<dc:creator>Jordan</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Feb 2012 05:52:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=13918#comment-73875</guid>
		<description>I&#039;m with MAYO here.  There are so many cultural signals saying &quot;this math class is for men&quot; already that I&#039;m disinclined to add one more by using examples from sports -- which is too bad, because I really like those examples.  Andrew&#039;s suggestion of using education statistics sounds great, and I plan to use it.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;m with MAYO here.  There are so many cultural signals saying &#8220;this math class is for men&#8221; already that I&#8217;m disinclined to add one more by using examples from sports &#8212; which is too bad, because I really like those examples.  Andrew&#8217;s suggestion of using education statistics sounds great, and I plan to use it.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Rare name analysis and wealth convergence by Steve Sailer</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/generational-mobility-and-wealth-convergence/#comment-73872</link>
		<dc:creator>Steve Sailer</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Feb 2012 05:30:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14540#comment-73872</guid>
		<description>A generation ago, Nathanael Weyl wrote two books looking at the achievement levels of common names. Fascinating stuff.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A generation ago, Nathanael Weyl wrote two books looking at the achievement levels of common names. Fascinating stuff.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Sports examples in class by Andrew</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/sports-examples-in-class/#comment-73868</link>
		<dc:creator>Andrew</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Feb 2012 03:10:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=13918#comment-73868</guid>
		<description>Also you can throw out a baserunner by hitting him with a thrown ball.  You&#039;re not allowed to do that in baseball.  And you forgot the all-important detail that the &quot;kickball&quot; is red and really bouncy.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Also you can throw out a baserunner by hitting him with a thrown ball.  You&#8217;re not allowed to do that in baseball.  And you forgot the all-important detail that the &#8220;kickball&#8221; is red and really bouncy.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Sports examples in class by Daniel Lakeland</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/sports-examples-in-class/#comment-73867</link>
		<dc:creator>Daniel Lakeland</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Feb 2012 03:07:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=13918#comment-73867</guid>
		<description>Pretty sure that Kickball is a children&#039;s game which is a variation of american baseball but in which the ball is a sort of basketball/soccer ball sized thing made of inflated rubber, and the &quot;pitcher&quot; rolls it to the &quot;kicker&quot; who kicks the ball instead of hitting it with a baseball bat, everything else is more or less the same as baseball.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kickball</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Pretty sure that Kickball is a children&#8217;s game which is a variation of american baseball but in which the ball is a sort of basketball/soccer ball sized thing made of inflated rubber, and the &#8220;pitcher&#8221; rolls it to the &#8220;kicker&#8221; who kicks the ball instead of hitting it with a baseball bat, everything else is more or less the same as baseball.</p>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kickball" rel="nofollow">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kickball</a></p>
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		<title>Comment on Rare name analysis and wealth convergence by mpledger</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/generational-mobility-and-wealth-convergence/#comment-73864</link>
		<dc:creator>mpledger</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 19 Feb 2012 22:11:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14540#comment-73864</guid>
		<description>I am willing to believe his b&#039;s for that age cohort of very rich/rich but the age cohort of the very rich/rich in the idustrial era is likely to have very different b&#039;s e.g. a competitor getting the latest technology could wipe out a family business.

I was kinda surpised there was any context around this e.g. the difference between class and wealth, the effect of entailed land ownership, assisted immigration and transportation of the poor etc.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I am willing to believe his b&#8217;s for that age cohort of very rich/rich but the age cohort of the very rich/rich in the idustrial era is likely to have very different b&#8217;s e.g. a competitor getting the latest technology could wipe out a family business.</p>
<p>I was kinda surpised there was any context around this e.g. the difference between class and wealth, the effect of entailed land ownership, assisted immigration and transportation of the poor etc.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Rare name analysis and wealth convergence by John Khademi</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/generational-mobility-and-wealth-convergence/#comment-73863</link>
		<dc:creator>John Khademi</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 19 Feb 2012 21:57:42 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14540#comment-73863</guid>
		<description>Andrew,
Perhaps a little &quot;Regression to the mean&quot; going on?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Andrew,<br />
Perhaps a little &#8220;Regression to the mean&#8221; going on?</p>
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		<title>Comment on Charles Murray on the new upper class by idealart</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/some-reactions-to-charles-murrays-thoughts-on-income-and-politics/#comment-73861</link>
		<dc:creator>idealart</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 19 Feb 2012 20:02:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14443#comment-73861</guid>
		<description>&quot;My point is that preaching values in a real way is not so easy; it requires hard work and direct involvement, not just talk.&quot;

But liberals don&#039;t just preach values. They believe government is the final moral authority and want to enact laws that force people to be virtuous. As in state-sponsoring of contraception and abortion. This violates conservative bedrock values of individual conscience, responsibility and free will. This is fundementally at odds, it appears, with liberal pre-occupation with &quot;social justice.&quot;

Liberals miss the subtleties of shame and honor and how they still resonate today in many peoples throughout the world. Shame and honor, based on thousands of years of human experience and wisdom, are extra-legal but absolutely critical for a healthy, sane society.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;My point is that preaching values in a real way is not so easy; it requires hard work and direct involvement, not just talk.&#8221;</p>
<p>But liberals don&#8217;t just preach values. They believe government is the final moral authority and want to enact laws that force people to be virtuous. As in state-sponsoring of contraception and abortion. This violates conservative bedrock values of individual conscience, responsibility and free will. This is fundementally at odds, it appears, with liberal pre-occupation with &#8220;social justice.&#8221;</p>
<p>Liberals miss the subtleties of shame and honor and how they still resonate today in many peoples throughout the world. Shame and honor, based on thousands of years of human experience and wisdom, are extra-legal but absolutely critical for a healthy, sane society.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Not as ugly as you look by Jon M</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/not-as-ugly-as-you-look/#comment-73856</link>
		<dc:creator>Jon M</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 19 Feb 2012 17:00:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14320#comment-73856</guid>
		<description>If you think defining underrated is hard, how about overrated? A lot of the attempted definitions of underrated seem to essentially talk about the counterfactual: if people were more aware of this restaurant they would enjoy it. But there is no such sensible counterfactual for overrated at least not on an absolute scale. 

Perhaps we could have something like people would not rate this restaurant as highly if they were aware of the underrated restuarants.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>If you think defining underrated is hard, how about overrated? A lot of the attempted definitions of underrated seem to essentially talk about the counterfactual: if people were more aware of this restaurant they would enjoy it. But there is no such sensible counterfactual for overrated at least not on an absolute scale. </p>
<p>Perhaps we could have something like people would not rate this restaurant as highly if they were aware of the underrated restuarants.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Standardized writing styles and standardized graphing styles by Jenny Davidson</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/at-some-point-the-graph-is-so-bad-that-it-doesnt-convey-the-information/#comment-73853</link>
		<dc:creator>Jenny Davidson</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 19 Feb 2012 15:38:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14323#comment-73853</guid>
		<description>It is curious.  Andrew, you should read Defoe&#039;s Journal of the Plague Year, I think you would find it interesting - it is an early prose fiction, at least early in the sense of what we think about the trajectory of the European novel, but Defoe strikingly uses charts of numbers taken from the Bills of Mortality to chart the rise and decline of the plague, so that it is actually an early instance of the sort of thing Helen DeWitt has recently been interested in doing!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It is curious.  Andrew, you should read Defoe&#8217;s Journal of the Plague Year, I think you would find it interesting &#8211; it is an early prose fiction, at least early in the sense of what we think about the trajectory of the European novel, but Defoe strikingly uses charts of numbers taken from the Bills of Mortality to chart the rise and decline of the plague, so that it is actually an early instance of the sort of thing Helen DeWitt has recently been interested in doing!</p>
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		<title>Comment on Standardized writing styles and standardized graphing styles by Jon M</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/at-some-point-the-graph-is-so-bad-that-it-doesnt-convey-the-information/#comment-73852</link>
		<dc:creator>Jon M</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 19 Feb 2012 15:31:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14323#comment-73852</guid>
		<description>To be fair, journals are much more standardized in the presentation of information. You might get away with those kind of graphs in a popular science book but I can&#039;t imagine any peer reviewers or editors who would let those graphics in.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>To be fair, journals are much more standardized in the presentation of information. You might get away with those kind of graphs in a popular science book but I can&#8217;t imagine any peer reviewers or editors who would let those graphics in.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Not as ugly as you look by Wayne</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/not-as-ugly-as-you-look/#comment-73851</link>
		<dc:creator>Wayne</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 19 Feb 2012 15:01:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14320#comment-73851</guid>
		<description>The related gem of wisdom is: &quot;No one goes there anymore, it&#039;s too crowded.&quot;</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The related gem of wisdom is: &#8220;No one goes there anymore, it&#8217;s too crowded.&#8221;</p>
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		<title>Comment on Standardized writing styles and standardized graphing styles by Jonathan</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/at-some-point-the-graph-is-so-bad-that-it-doesnt-convey-the-information/#comment-73850</link>
		<dc:creator>Jonathan</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 19 Feb 2012 14:56:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14323#comment-73850</guid>
		<description>I like Doug Almond&#039;s approach to this. If you can show the results in a simple table of the differences in means, then that is always the ideal approach, but everyone is different. And yes, I acknowledge this is not always possible!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I like Doug Almond&#8217;s approach to this. If you can show the results in a simple table of the differences in means, then that is always the ideal approach, but everyone is different. And yes, I acknowledge this is not always possible!</p>
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		<title>Comment on Standardized writing styles and standardized graphing styles by chris P</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/at-some-point-the-graph-is-so-bad-that-it-doesnt-convey-the-information/#comment-73849</link>
		<dc:creator>chris P</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 19 Feb 2012 14:47:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14323#comment-73849</guid>
		<description>If the act of decoding a graph would lead most readers to the insight of the author, that might be a good thing. But, if you lose most of the readership at the same time, that can be bad.  

I was taught that passive voice was fine just to give writing a sense of variety.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>If the act of decoding a graph would lead most readers to the insight of the author, that might be a good thing. But, if you lose most of the readership at the same time, that can be bad.  </p>
<p>I was taught that passive voice was fine just to give writing a sense of variety.</p>
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		<title>Comment on Standardized writing styles and standardized graphing styles by Elaine Schattner, MD</title>
		<link>http://andrewgelman.com/2012/02/at-some-point-the-graph-is-so-bad-that-it-doesnt-convey-the-information/#comment-73848</link>
		<dc:creator>Elaine Schattner, MD</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 19 Feb 2012 14:36:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://andrewgelman.com/?p=14323#comment-73848</guid>
		<description>It&#039;s a simple point, but I think about this often, about how medical data are represented and conveyed.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It&#8217;s a simple point, but I think about this often, about how medical data are represented and conveyed.</p>
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